unit-llnd chapter-4 HTML 2nd in computer application class 10th

unit-llnd chapter-4 HTML 2nd 

Topics Covered

1. Linking
2. Types of linking
3. Significance of linking 
4. Sending email from browser

LINKING

Linking is the strongest feature in html that link text or image to another document or section of a document.

A browser highlights the identified text on images with color or underline it to indicate that it is a hypertext link (hyperlink or link).

HYPERLINK: A link that navigate us from a hyper text file to another document, file or location is i known as hyperlink.

HTML's single hypertext related tag is <A>, Which stands for anchor.

• <A href="https:/en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia" Status</A>
• <a href="main .html">Mainpage<A>

TYPES OF LINKING

TYPES

1. internal Linking
2. External Linking

INTERNAL LINKING: The linking that links various sections of same document is known as internal linking.

• When we click on a hyperlink, a different section of the same document becomes visible in the browser window.

EXTERNAL LINKING: The linking that links two different documents is known as external linking

• When wo click on a hyperlink ,a new document gets opened.

EXTERNAL LINKING

• A hyperlink is created by using <A> tag and its attribute href.

The HREF attribute

• It is used to specify the URL of the target link.
• A simple <A tag is &A href ="https://med.libretexts.org/Courses/">Medlicine<A>
• A complex one is                     

                     <A> href="plants.html"><img src-rose1.jpg"> New tips!<A>

The TITLE attribute

It lets you to specify a title for' the document to Which you are linking.

It is useful for referencing an otherwise in labeled resource such as an image or a non-HTML document.

             <A href="pics/ics/funits.gif title ="A photograph of a fruit.">

INTERNAL LINKING

• In this also, we can use <A> tag to create hyperlink.
• Creating a link within the same HTML document or to a specific fragment of another document is a two-step process.

1. First step -make the target fragment
2. Second step- to create the link to the fragment

• We can use the A> tag with it's name or id attribute to identify a fragment that can be used later for setting hyperlinks.
• The name or id attribute defines a name/identity for a fragment of a document later on internal linking is facilitated using these defined names/ids

To set name to a section

*A name = "Segment1"> Segment1</A>

To set a link to the named section

*A href= "#Segment1> Link to Segment1</A>

Significance of Linking

• It makes the user able to go to any of the desired documents i with just a click
• The webpage writers don't have to create a large document i having all the information of other documents
• It helps in accessing a website easily in a quick manner.
• It helps in creating documents that can be managed easily.

SENDING EMAIL FROM A BROWSER

MAILTO function is supported by many browsers as it is a convenient way to allow. other users to communicate with us via email.

MAILTO is called using an anchor, just like standard links to other documents using href attribute.

When a MAILTO capable browser sees the tag, it spawns a separate email form that the user may fill out. The form is then sent to the email address specified in the link.

Example:

Send your comments to <A href = mailto:pace123@hotmail.com?

SUBIECT = 'Sent from ABC">pace123@hotmail.com</A>

TABLES

• Tables in HTML allow us to arrange data into rows and columns of cells.
• A table can store the short and long description of data giveni through CAPTION and SUMMARY attribute.
• Tables are useful for the general display of tabular data.

Elements in HTML

Tables have five core tags: i

<table> tag : wraps up a table and its document's body

<tr> tag : defines a table row <th> tag : defines the table headers i

<td> tag : defines the table data cells v<caption> tag : defines title or caption for the table

We can also use <tbody>, <thead>, <tfoot> tags to define and i control whole sections of tables. 

THE <TABLE> TAG

The TABLE tag begins the process of building     a table.

Attributes: Table's border-BORDERatribute <TABLE BORDER=4

Border's Color-BORDERCOLOR attribute

<TABLE BORDERCOLORa"red">

Displayingselect bordersides-FRAME attribute <TABLE FRAME-"hsides

Frame attributes:

Above- displays topedge only Below-displays bottom edge only

Border- displays all four sides (default)

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x-displaysall four sides (ike border)

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ides- displays topand bottom edges

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s-displays left edge only

is- displays rightedge only id-displays no borderه

vsides- displays left and right edges

Display select inside border -RULES attribute <TABLE RULES "rows"

Rules attributes

All- displays all borders

Cols- displays borders between cells

Groups displays borders between all cell groups None -hides all interior borders

Rows- displays borders between rows only

*Controlling Cell spacing-CELLSPACING & CELLPADDING attributes

<TABLE BORDER="3" CELLSPACING="1" CELLPADDING="1"> Cell padding means giving the space between the cell border and the cell contents.

Cell spacing means giving the space between the cells.

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table contents - ALIGN attribute

ABLE BORDER-3" Aligna"centers